Andrew Higson (1998)
"identity is generally understood to be the shared identity of naturalised inhabitants of a particular political-geographic space - this can a particular nation or region."
Benedict Anderson (1983)
maintains that the media play a vital role in constructing a national identity as in realty the nation is too big for everyone to know each other yet the often shared values," The unification of people in the modern world is achieved not by military but by cultural means, in particular the media system enables people to feel part of a coherent, meaningful and homogenous community.
Higson - "stereotyping is a form of shorthand ... a way of establishing a character .. that often reducing the character to the most basic form so that the stereotype often becomes comic.
Higson - ' No wonder then that a particular characterisation may be criticised for being stereotype meaning it lacks a realistic dimension, it fails to match up to the reality of identity." (1998)
Medhurst- "Awful cause not like us"
Colloquial Dialect.
Friday, 25 November 2016
Class
Theories
Downton Abbey
Downton Abbey's poster has a lot of elements in it that could show that the people in the program are of a higher class. One of the more obvious of these elements are the costumes of the characters in the poster. They are mostly all higher classed clothes except the maid in the background of the characters who is lower class but still higher up in the work ladder.
Keith Gandal's Theory ( 2007 ) states that Lower class people are portrayed to be "Cultrural other" Through fashions that deviate from the middle and upper classes.
Andy Medhurst ( 1998 ) theory: " they are awful because they are not like us," ( the us is the middle class in media )
Richard Butsch ( 1992 ) said that working class males in the media are oresented as - " incompetent and ineffectual, often a baboon, well-intentioned but dumb. in almost all working class series, the male is flawed, some more than others."
Keith Gandal ( 2007 ) said that the target audience, of the t.v drama, are drawn toward "sentimental rags-to-riches story" because they like to think of poor people making it big and they hope they could do it if they had money.
Downton Abbey's poster has a lot of elements in it that could show that the people in the program are of a higher class. One of the more obvious of these elements are the costumes of the characters in the poster. They are mostly all higher classed clothes except the maid in the background of the characters who is lower class but still higher up in the work ladder.
Thursday, 17 November 2016
Disability representations
Bran from Game of thrones is disabled but has magical powers.
Jessica evans (1988) drawing on the works of a feuding other phchoanalysis,states :" disabled people are seen as childish dependant and underdeveloped and regarding as 'other' and are being punished by being excluded from ordinary life. thus popular images and rhetoric of disabled people abound which comfort us with people who are imperfect, helpless, un-attractive, disgusting, Shitty, dribbling." (Evans 1998)
As Cumberbatch and neurone (1992), Barnes(1992) and Longmore (1987) point out studies of the representations of disabled people and how they appear in a limited number of roles.
As Jordanova stated in 1989,
"The idea of otherness is complicated, but certain themes are common: the treatment of others as more like an object, something to be managed and possessed and as dangerous, wild, threatening. at the same time, the other becomes an entity whose very separateness inspires curiosity, invites inquiring knowledge."
Medhurst (1997) said that - " they are awful because they are not like us."
According to Evans "Old people in our culture are also segregated and treated as though they are waiting to die. There are close associations between dependancy, illness, dying and death. It seems that increasingly in our culture there are pressures that encourage a revision in infantile feelings which have to be madly defend against" - (1998)
Call girl ...
In this clip from secret diary of a call girl ... We see a woman, disabled man and a man in an apartment. The key events in this clip are, Man in a wheelchair entering flat with dad and a woman. Awkward moment happens with dad. He leaves. Girl and man make-out on bed. Switches to Dad outside... even more awkward.
In the first shot is a medium long-shot of a woman's back. She is wearing a skimpy outfit and she is opening a door to her apartment. The music and sound is non-dijetic music from the opening credits. At the moment, there is no supporting or going against the theories in this shot because she is not disabled. However in the next shot, after she has opened the door, we can see a medium long shot of the young man in a wheelchair and this is how we can feel he is disabled. The angle of the shot is a high angle so we are looking down on him which could connote that he does not have the power in this shot. This shot distrust the theory of Jordanova because we are looking down on him which does not relate to the term she used,"-and possessed as dangerous, wild and threatening." He is actually seen as helpless and innocent which supports Medhurst's theory of, " they are awful because they are not like us."
In the next shot after this, we see a medium close up of the man in the wheelchair wheel himself into the apartment. This is done with no music at-all and it is still a high angle. However, the fact he is wheeling himself into the apartment disrupts the theories of Jordanova and Jessica Evans which say that disabled people are useless and cannot do anything for themselves. After this shot, We see the father behind the man in the wheelchair and he asks the dad to get the envelope out of his bag, this is to pay the lady. It is still a high angle shot which strongly still disrupts the theory of Jordanova but supports the theory of Evans which states that disabled people are imperfect. What the disabled character is wearing disrupts the Medhurst's theory of ' They are awful cause they are not like us.' because he is wearing normal clothes that everyone else would wear.
Jessica evans (1988) drawing on the works of a feuding other phchoanalysis,states :" disabled people are seen as childish dependant and underdeveloped and regarding as 'other' and are being punished by being excluded from ordinary life. thus popular images and rhetoric of disabled people abound which comfort us with people who are imperfect, helpless, un-attractive, disgusting, Shitty, dribbling." (Evans 1998)
As Cumberbatch and neurone (1992), Barnes(1992) and Longmore (1987) point out studies of the representations of disabled people and how they appear in a limited number of roles.
As Jordanova stated in 1989,
"The idea of otherness is complicated, but certain themes are common: the treatment of others as more like an object, something to be managed and possessed and as dangerous, wild, threatening. at the same time, the other becomes an entity whose very separateness inspires curiosity, invites inquiring knowledge."
Medhurst (1997) said that - " they are awful because they are not like us."
According to Evans "Old people in our culture are also segregated and treated as though they are waiting to die. There are close associations between dependancy, illness, dying and death. It seems that increasingly in our culture there are pressures that encourage a revision in infantile feelings which have to be madly defend against" - (1998)
Call girl ...
In this clip from secret diary of a call girl ... We see a woman, disabled man and a man in an apartment. The key events in this clip are, Man in a wheelchair entering flat with dad and a woman. Awkward moment happens with dad. He leaves. Girl and man make-out on bed. Switches to Dad outside... even more awkward.
In the first shot is a medium long-shot of a woman's back. She is wearing a skimpy outfit and she is opening a door to her apartment. The music and sound is non-dijetic music from the opening credits. At the moment, there is no supporting or going against the theories in this shot because she is not disabled. However in the next shot, after she has opened the door, we can see a medium long shot of the young man in a wheelchair and this is how we can feel he is disabled. The angle of the shot is a high angle so we are looking down on him which could connote that he does not have the power in this shot. This shot distrust the theory of Jordanova because we are looking down on him which does not relate to the term she used,"-and possessed as dangerous, wild and threatening." He is actually seen as helpless and innocent which supports Medhurst's theory of, " they are awful because they are not like us."
In the next shot after this, we see a medium close up of the man in the wheelchair wheel himself into the apartment. This is done with no music at-all and it is still a high angle. However, the fact he is wheeling himself into the apartment disrupts the theories of Jordanova and Jessica Evans which say that disabled people are useless and cannot do anything for themselves. After this shot, We see the father behind the man in the wheelchair and he asks the dad to get the envelope out of his bag, this is to pay the lady. It is still a high angle shot which strongly still disrupts the theory of Jordanova but supports the theory of Evans which states that disabled people are imperfect. What the disabled character is wearing disrupts the Medhurst's theory of ' They are awful cause they are not like us.' because he is wearing normal clothes that everyone else would wear.
Wednesday, 9 November 2016
Youth
Stanley Hall 1904 - young people seek excitement through drugs, sex etc
Hedbridge 1988-
Osgaby 1988-
Medhurst- they are awful because they are not like us
How are youth stereotyped in this clip?
. TROUBLE AND FUN - MUSIC
. EXTREME CLOSE UP - ZOOMS OUT MEDIUM LONG SHOT
. MISE UNSCENE - DUVET COVER WITH NAKED PEOPLE LINKING TO HALL
. DIJETIC MUSIC
. SLUTY- SEX - HALL
. POINT OF VIEW SHOT
. HAND HELD SHAKY
. 1.2.1.2 SHOT
. WINDING UP HIS DAD- FITS IN THE STEREO TYPE
. TIDY
. EYE LINE MATCH - HALL
the opening shot is an extreme close up of the main character of the main character Tony's face. it then zooms out into a birds eye medium shot that reveals an interesting miss un scene choice as the duvet cover has a naked man and women on it. This miss un scene choice supports the Stanley Hall 1904 theory that all young people seek excitement through drugs sex and criminal behaviour. To contrast this, the protagonist is awake before the alarm which disrupts Hall's theory by making the teenager organised and not late waking up. To support this further, his room is tidy and organised when we see a cut-in medium close up shot of a drawer and him pulling out a neatly folded shirt. The shirt itself is disrupting the stereotyping of what youths wear.
Ine the next shot, a medium close up, we see the sister of the main character wiping off old make-up. This supports halls theory of all youths seek excitement through drugs and sex becasue she has obviousy hasnt had time to take of her make-up because she stayed with her boyfriend.
Hedbridge 1988-
Osgaby 1988-
Medhurst- they are awful because they are not like us
How are youth stereotyped in this clip?
. TROUBLE AND FUN - MUSIC
. EXTREME CLOSE UP - ZOOMS OUT MEDIUM LONG SHOT
. MISE UNSCENE - DUVET COVER WITH NAKED PEOPLE LINKING TO HALL
. DIJETIC MUSIC
. SLUTY- SEX - HALL
. POINT OF VIEW SHOT
. HAND HELD SHAKY
. 1.2.1.2 SHOT
. WINDING UP HIS DAD- FITS IN THE STEREO TYPE
. TIDY
. EYE LINE MATCH - HALL
the opening shot is an extreme close up of the main character of the main character Tony's face. it then zooms out into a birds eye medium shot that reveals an interesting miss un scene choice as the duvet cover has a naked man and women on it. This miss un scene choice supports the Stanley Hall 1904 theory that all young people seek excitement through drugs sex and criminal behaviour. To contrast this, the protagonist is awake before the alarm which disrupts Hall's theory by making the teenager organised and not late waking up. To support this further, his room is tidy and organised when we see a cut-in medium close up shot of a drawer and him pulling out a neatly folded shirt. The shirt itself is disrupting the stereotyping of what youths wear.
Ine the next shot, a medium close up, we see the sister of the main character wiping off old make-up. This supports halls theory of all youths seek excitement through drugs and sex becasue she has obviousy hasnt had time to take of her make-up because she stayed with her boyfriend.
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